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Mapping To Wizard Spider
Wizard Spider is a financially motivated criminal group that has been conducting ransomware campaigns since at least August 2018 against a variety of organizations, ranging from major corporations to hospitals.
Disclaimer: We present this mapping to stimulate thinking about active defense options to combat this adversary, not to present all possibilities. We invite you to use this as a guide and add your own use cases for applying Shield techniques to counter each adversary action.
Note: All ATT&CK Group sub-technique mappings have been remapped to their parent technique and were derived from Group Technique mappings in ATT&CK v8.
Details
ATT&CK ID:
G0102
Associated Groups:
Wizard Spider, UNC1878, TEMP.MixMaster, Grim Spider
Note:
This page uses Adversary Group data from MITRE ATT&CK.
ATT&CK Technique |
Opportunity Space | AD Technique | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| T1003 - OS Credential Dumping | There is an opportunity to deploy a tripwire that triggers an alert when an adversary touches a network resource or uses a specific technique. | DTE0012 - Decoy Credentials | A defender can seed systems with decoy credentials in a variety of locations and establish alerting that will trigger if an adversary harvests the credentials and attempts to use them. |
| T1016 - System Network Configuration Discovery | There is an opportunity to influence an adversary to move toward systems you want them to engage with. | DTE0011 - Decoy Content | A defender can create breadcrumbs or honeytokens to lure the attackers toward the decoy systems or network services. |
| T1018 - Remote System Discovery | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0036 - Software Manipulation | A defender can change the output of a recon commands to hide simulation elements you don’t want attacked and present simulation elements you want the adversary to engage with. |
| T1018 - Remote System Discovery | In an adversary engagement situation, there is an opportunity to add legitimacy by ensuring decoy systems are fully populated with information an adversary would expect to see during this recon process. | DTE0011 - Decoy Content | A defender can create entries in a decoy system's ARP cache, hosts file, etc. to add to the legitimacy of the device. |
| T1021 - Remote Services | There is an opportunity to monitor network traffic for different protocols, anomalous traffic patterns, transfer of data, etc. to determine the presence of an adversary. | DTE0027 - Network Monitoring | The defender can implement network monitoring for and alert on anomalous traffic patterns, large or unexpected data transfers, and other activity that may reveal the presence of an adversary. |
| T1021 - Remote Services | In an adversary engagement scenario, there is an opportunity to introduce decoy systems that can influence an adversary's behavior or allow you to observe how they perform a specific task. | DTE0017 - Decoy System | A defender could implement a decoy system running a remote service (such as telnet, SSH, and VNC) and see if the adversary attempts to login to the service. |
| T1027 - Obfuscated Files or Information | In an adversary engagement scenario, there is an opportunity to introduce decoy systems that can influence an adversary's behavior or allow you to observe how they perform a specific task. | DTE0017 - Decoy System | A defender could implement a decoy system to study how and when an adversary obfuscate files and hides information. |
| T1033 - System Owner/User Discovery | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0036 - Software Manipulation | A defender can impact an adversary's activity by manipulating or replacing the commands commonly used to display users on a system. |
| T1036 - Masquerading | There is an opportunity to detect the presence of an adversary by identifying and alerting on anomalous behaviors. | DTE0007 - Behavioral Analytics | A defender can look for known files in non-standard locations or files that are creating anomalous processes or connections. |
| T1041 - Exfiltration Over C2 Channel | There is an opportunity to disrupt or enable and adversary's exfiltration activities by blocking/unblocking the traffic to their Command and Control (C2) location. | DTE0026 - Network Manipulation | A defender can prevent or enable use of alternate protocols for exfiltration by blocking/unblocking unnecessary ports and protocols. |
| T1041 - Exfiltration Over C2 Channel | There is an opportunity to disrupt or enable and adversary's exfiltration activities by blocking/unblocking the traffic to their Command and Control (C2) location. | DTE0026 - Network Manipulation | A defender can restrict network traffic making adversary exfiltration slow or unreliable. |
| T1047 - Windows Management Instrumentation | In an adversary engagement scenario, there is an opportunity to allow or restrict admin access to support your defensive objectives. | DTE0001 - Admin Access | A defender can remove admin access from the local user to prevent an adversary from being able to utilize WMI. |
| T1047 - Windows Management Instrumentation | There is an opportunity to implement security controls which will prevent an adversary from using Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI), in order to entice them to reveal new TTPs. | DTE0032 - Security Controls | A defender can harden accounts which have admin access and also restrict any users from being able to connect remotely using WMI. |
| T1048 - Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol | There is an opportunity to disrupt or enable and adversary's exfiltration activities by blocking/unblocking the traffic to their Command and Control (C2) location. | DTE0026 - Network Manipulation | A defender can prevent or enable use of alternate protocols for exfiltration by blocking/unblocking unnecessary ports and protocols. |
| T1053 - Scheduled Task/Job | There is an opportunity to study the adversary and collect first-hand observations about them and their tools. | DTE0001 - Admin Access | A defender can enable Admin Access on a system to see if the adversary utilizes that access to create scheduled tasks to launch their malware or tools. |
| T1053 - Scheduled Task/Job | There is an opportunity to study the adversary and collect first-hand observations about them and their tools. | DTE0017 - Decoy System | A defender can configure a decoy system with limited restrictions to see if the adversary creates or alters scheduled tasks to launch their malware. |
| T1053 - Scheduled Task/Job | There is an opportunity to create a detection with a moderately high probability of success. | DTE0034 - System Activity Monitoring | A defender can capture system activity logs and generate alerts if the adversary creates new scheduled tasks or alters existing tasks. |
| T1055 - Process Injection | In an adversary engagement scenario, there is an opportunity to implement security controls to support your defensive objectives over a prolonged engagement. | DTE0032 - Security Controls | A defender could implement security controls to have an effect on process injection techniques such as AppLocker or an Antivirus/EDR tool designed to watch for CreateRemoteThread events. |
| T1059 - Command and Scripting Interpreter | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0036 - Software Manipulation | A defender can manipulate the output of system commands issued to alter information the adversary might use during their activity. |
| T1059 - Command and Scripting Interpreter | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0036 - Software Manipulation | A defender can modify the functionality of commands used to delete files so that the files are copied to a safe location before they are deleted. |
| T1059 - Command and Scripting Interpreter | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0034 - System Activity Monitoring | A defender can detect the presence of an adversary by monitoring for processes that are created by commands and/or scripts they execute on a system. |
| T1069 - Permission Groups Discovery | In an adversary engagement operation, there is an opportunity to impact what an adversary sees when they execute commands on a system. | DTE0036 - Software Manipulation | A defender could manipulate a system's software to alter the results of an adversary enumerating permission group information. |
| T1070 - Indicator Removal on Host | In an adversary engagement scenario, there is an opportunity to allow or restrict admin access to support your defensive objectives. | DTE0001 - Admin Access | A defender can restrict admin access to force an adversary to escalate privileges in order to delete logs and captured artifacts from a system. |
| T1070 - Indicator Removal on Host | There is an opportunity to detect the presence of an adversary by identifying and alerting on anomalous behaviors. | DTE0007 - Behavioral Analytics | A defender can look for anomalies in how commands are being executed on a system. This can expose potentially malicious activity. |
| T1071 - Application Layer Protocol | There is an opportunity to monitor network traffic for different protocols, anomalous traffic patterns, transfer of data, etc. to determine the presence of an adversary. | DTE0027 - Network Monitoring | The defender can implement network monitoring for and alert on anomalous traffic patterns, large or unexpected data transfers, and other activity that may reveal the presence of an adversary. |
| T1074 - Data Staged | In an adversary engagement scenario, there is an opportunity to seed content to influence an adversary's behaviors, test their interest in specific topics, or add legitimacy to a system or environment. | DTE0030 - Pocket Litter | A defender can stage a variety of pocket litter files with known hashes around a system. Detections can be put in place if these hashes are seen moving around a system or out of the network. |
| T1078 - Valid Accounts | There is an opportunity to introduce user accounts that are used to make a system look more realistic. | DTE0010 - Decoy Account | A defender can create decoy user accounts which are used to make a decoy system or network look more realistic. |
| T1078 - Valid Accounts | There is an opportunity to deploy a tripwire that triggers an alert when an adversary touches a network resource or uses a specific technique. | DTE0012 - Decoy Credentials | A defender can seed systems with decoy credentials in a variety of locations and establish alerting that will trigger if an adversary harvests the credentials and attempts to use them. |
| T1078 - Valid Accounts | There is an opportunity to prepare user accounts so they look used and authentic. | DTE0008 - Burn-In | A defender can prepare a Decoy System by logging in to the Decoy Account and using it in ways consistent with the deception story, creating artifacts in the system that make it look legitimate. |
| T1082 - System Information Discovery | There is an opportunity to feed content to an adversary to influence their behaviors, test their interest in specific topics, or add legitimacy to a system or environment. | DTE0011 - Decoy Content | A defender can use decoy content to give the false impression about the system when an adversary performs system information discovery. |
| T1087 - Account Discovery | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0036 - Software Manipulation | A defender could alter the output from account enumeration commands to hide accounts or show the presence of accounts which do not exist. |
| T1087 - Account Discovery | In an adversary engagement operation, there is an opportunity to present decoy accounts to the adversary during the enumeration process. | DTE0010 - Decoy Account | During an adversary engagement operation, a defender can utilize decoy accounts to provide content to an adversary and encourage additional activity. |
| T1087 - Account Discovery | There is an opportunity to use decoy accounts of varying types to see what an adversary is most interested in. | DTE0013 - Decoy Diversity | A defender can make a variety of decoy accounts and see if the adversary seems to be drawn to accounts of a specific type, with specific permissions, group access, etc. |
| T1112 - Modify Registry | There is an opportunity to utilize known good copies of registry information and restore it if an adversary makes any changes. | DTE0006 - Baseline | A defender can enable Registry Auditing on specific keys to produce an alerts whenever a value is changed and revert those keys to baseline. |
| T1112 - Modify Registry | There is an opportunity to study the adversary and collect first-hand observations about them and their tools. | DTE0034 - System Activity Monitoring | A defender can monitor processes and command-line arguments which could be used by an adversary to change or delete information in the Windows registry. |
| T1133 - External Remote Services | There is an opportunity to determine if an adversary already has valid account credentials for your network and if they are trying to use them access your network via remote services. | DTE0017 - Decoy System | A defender can setup a decoy VPN server and see if an adversary attempts to use valid account to authenticate to it. |
| T1135 - Network Share Discovery | In an adversary engagement scenario, there is an opportunity to introduce decoy content to entice additional engagement activity. | DTE0011 - Decoy Content | A defender can utilize decoy network shares to provide content that could be used by the adversary. |
| T1135 - Network Share Discovery | There is an opportunity to supply a variety of different decoy network shares to an adversary to see what they are drawn to look at and use. | DTE0013 - Decoy Diversity | A defender can make a variety of decoy network shares available to an adversary and see if the adversary seems to be drawn to shares with specific names, permissions, etc. |
| T1204 - User Execution | There is an opportunity to study the adversary and collect first-hand observations about them and their tools. | DTE0018 - Detonate Malware | A defender can execute adversary malware on a decoy system and examine its behaviors or potentially engage with the adversary to obtain further intelligence. |
| T1210 - Exploitation of Remote Services | There is an opportunity to provide a variety of applications to an adversary to see what things an adversary prefers or to influence their operations. | DTE0004 - Application Diversity | A defender can stand up decoy systems or processes using a wide array of applications. These applications can be hardened to test an adversary's capabilities, or easily exploited to entice an adversary to move in that direction. |
| T1222 - File and Directory Permissions Modification | In an adversary engagement scenario, there is an opportunity to seed content to influence an adversary's behaviors, test their interest in specific topics, or add legitimacy to a system or environment. | DTE0030 - Pocket Litter | A defender can seed content interesting files to an adversary, but lock the permissions down. The goal would be to force the adversary to expose their TTPs for circumventing the restrictions. |
| T1482 - Domain Trust Discovery | There is an opportunity to extend an adversary's engagement period by creating a decoy network that systems can discover when performing trust discovery. | DTE0014 - Decoy Network | A defender can create a decoy network that contains systems which are easily discoverable and appealing to an adversary. |
| T1482 - Domain Trust Discovery | In order to prolong an adversary engagement operation or enable detections, there is an opportunity to introduce credentials to an adversary that you want them to collect and use. | DTE0012 - Decoy Credentials | A defender can plant decoy credentials across an array of locations to increase the chances of an adversary finding and using them. |
| T1489 - Service Stop | There is an opportunity to detect the presence of an adversary by identifying and alerting on anomalous behaviors. | DTE0007 - Behavioral Analytics | By looking for anomalies in system service states and alerting on suspect situations, the defender can detect potential malicious activity and triage the system to re-enable the services that have been stopped. |
| T1518 - Software Discovery | There is an opportunity to provide a variety of applications to an adversary to see what things an adversary prefers or to influence their operations. | DTE0004 - Application Diversity | A defender can install an array of various software packages on a system to make it look used and populated. This will give an adversary a collection of software to interact with and possibly expose additional techniques. |
| T1543 - Create or Modify System Process | There is an opportunity to use security controls to stop or allow an adversary's activity. | DTE0032 - Security Controls | A defender can choose to harden or weaken security controls on a system to affect an adversaries ability to modify or create system processes. |
| T1547 - Boot or Logon Autostart Execution | There is an opportunity to use tools and controls to stop an adversary's activity. | DTE0006 - Baseline | A defender can store good copies of registry startup keys and restore them on a frequent basis. This can prevent an adversary from using them to launch malware on system startup. |
| T1553 - Subvert Trust Controls | There is an opportunity to determine adversary capabilities or preferences by controlling aspects of the engagement environment. | DTE0032 - Security Controls | In an adversary engagement scenario, a defender can implement weak security controls that an adversary could subvert in order to further their attack. |
| T1553 - Subvert Trust Controls | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0003 - API Monitoring | A defender can monitor and analyze operating system functions calls for detection and alerting. |
| T1557 - Man-in-the-Middle | There is an opportunity to monitor network traffic for different protocols, anomalous traffic patterns, transfer of data, etc. to determine the presence of an adversary. | DTE0027 - Network Monitoring | A defender can monitor network traffic for anomalies associated with known MiTM behavior. |
| T1558 - Steal or Forge Kerberos Tickets | There is an opportunity to determine adversary capabilities or preferences by controlling aspects of the engagement environment. | DTE0025 - Network Diversity | A defender can setup networks that use Kerberos authentication and systems that authenticate using it. This gives you a chance to see if an adversary has the capacity to steal or forge Kerberos tickets for lateral movement. |
| T1558 - Steal or Forge Kerberos Tickets | In an adversary engagement scenario, there is an opportunity to test whether an adversary has the capability to steal or forge Kerberos tickets. | DTE0032 - Security Controls | A defender can secure Kerberos in order to prevent an adversary from leveraging the tickets to authenticate or move laterally. This may result in the adversary exposing additional TTPs. |
| T1562 - Impair Defenses | There is an opportunity to study the adversary and collect first-hand observations about them and their tools. | DTE0004 - Application Diversity | A defender can plant AV or monitoring tools which are easy for an adversary to remove. If an adversary removes these, they may be enticed to act more openly believing they have removed monitoring from the system. |
| T1562 - Impair Defenses | There is an opportunity to create a detection with a moderately high probability of success. | DTE0034 - System Activity Monitoring | A defender can monitor for signs that security tools and other controls are being tampered with by an adversary. |
| T1562 - Impair Defenses | There is an opportunity to create a detection with a moderately high probability of success. | DTE0033 - Standard Operating Procedure | A defender can define operating procedures for modifying GPOs and alert when they are not followed. |
| T1566 - Phishing | A phishing email can be detected and blocked from arriving at the intended recipient. | DTE0019 - Email Manipulation | A defender can intercept emails that are detected as suspicious or malicious by email detection tools and prevent deliver to the intended target. |
| T1566 - Phishing | A phishing email can be detected and moved from the intended recipient to a decoy account for reading and execution. | DTE0023 - Migrate Attack Vector | A defender can move suspicious emails to a decoy system prior to opening and examining the email. |
| T1566 - Phishing | Users trained and encouraged to report phishing can detect attacks that other defenses do not. | DTE0035 - User Training | A program to train and exercise the anti-phishing skills of users can create "Human Sensors" that help detect phishing attacks. |
| T1566 - Phishing | There is an opportunity to discover who or what is being targeting by an adversary. | DTE0015 - Decoy Persona | A defender can seed information about the decoy persona's personal accounts on systems to see if the adversary collects and uses that information in future activity. |
| T1569 - System Services | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0003 - API Monitoring | A defender can monitor and analyze operating system functions calls for detection and alerting. |
| T1569 - System Services | There is an opportunity to create a detection with a moderately high probability of success. | DTE0033 - Standard Operating Procedure | A defender can define operating procedures for adding services and alert when they are not followed. |
| T1570 - Lateral Tool Transfer | There is an opportunity to monitor network traffic for different protocols, anomalous traffic patterns, transfer of data, etc. to determine the presence of an adversary. | DTE0027 - Network Monitoring | The defender can implement network monitoring for and alert on anomalous traffic patterns, large or unexpected data transfers, and other activity that may reveal the presence of an adversary. |
| T1570 - Lateral Tool Transfer | There is an opportunity to manipulate the network to allow/deny certain types of traffic, to degrade network traffic, or otherwise impact an adversary's activity. | DTE0026 - Network Manipulation | A defender can block certain adversary used protocols used between systems in order to prevent lateral tool transfer. |