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Mapping To Sandworm Team
Sandworm Team is a destructive Russian threat group that has been attributed to Russian GRU Unit 74455 by the U.S. Department of Justice and U.K. National Cyber Security Centre. Sandworm Team's most notable attacks include the 2015 and 2016 targeting of Ukrainian electrical companies and 2017's NotPetya attacks. Sandworm Team has been active since at least 2009.
Disclaimer: We present this mapping to stimulate thinking about active defense options to combat this adversary, not to present all possibilities. We invite you to use this as a guide and add your own use cases for applying Shield techniques to counter each adversary action.
Note: All ATT&CK Group sub-technique mappings have been remapped to their parent technique and were derived from Group Technique mappings in ATT&CK v8.
Details
ATT&CK ID:
G0034
Associated Groups:
Sandworm Team, ELECTRUM, Telebots, IRON VIKING, BlackEnergy (Group), Quedagh, VOODOO BEAR
Note:
This page uses Adversary Group data from MITRE ATT&CK.
ATT&CK Technique |
Opportunity Space | AD Technique | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| T1003 - OS Credential Dumping | There is an opportunity to deploy a tripwire that triggers an alert when an adversary touches a network resource or uses a specific technique. | DTE0012 - Decoy Credentials | A defender can seed systems with decoy credentials in a variety of locations and establish alerting that will trigger if an adversary harvests the credentials and attempts to use them. |
| T1016 - System Network Configuration Discovery | There is an opportunity to influence an adversary to move toward systems you want them to engage with. | DTE0011 - Decoy Content | A defender can create breadcrumbs or honeytokens to lure the attackers toward the decoy systems or network services. |
| T1018 - Remote System Discovery | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0036 - Software Manipulation | A defender can change the output of a recon commands to hide simulation elements you don’t want attacked and present simulation elements you want the adversary to engage with. |
| T1018 - Remote System Discovery | In an adversary engagement situation, there is an opportunity to add legitimacy by ensuring decoy systems are fully populated with information an adversary would expect to see during this recon process. | DTE0011 - Decoy Content | A defender can create entries in a decoy system's ARP cache, hosts file, etc. to add to the legitimacy of the device. |
| T1027 - Obfuscated Files or Information | In an adversary engagement scenario, there is an opportunity to introduce decoy systems that can influence an adversary's behavior or allow you to observe how they perform a specific task. | DTE0017 - Decoy System | A defender could implement a decoy system to study how and when an adversary obfuscate files and hides information. |
| T1036 - Masquerading | There is an opportunity to detect the presence of an adversary by identifying and alerting on anomalous behaviors. | DTE0007 - Behavioral Analytics | A defender can look for known files in non-standard locations or files that are creating anomalous processes or connections. |
| T1040 - Network Sniffing | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0036 - Software Manipulation | By changing the output of network sniffing utilities normally found on a system, you can prevent adversaries from seeing particular content or making use of the results at all. |
| T1040 - Network Sniffing | There is an opportunity to present decoy processes to an adversary to influence their behaviors, test their interest, or add legitimacy to a system or environment. | DTE0016 - Decoy Process | The defender can run processes on legitimate systems that create network artifacts for an adversary to collect. These artifacts may contain data such as credentials, hostnames, etc., that would lead an adversary to target decoy systems and networks. |
| T1040 - Network Sniffing | There is an opportunity to entice the adversary to expose additional TTPs. | DTE0025 - Network Diversity | The defender can add unique endpoints, servers, routers, and other devices to give the adversary a broader attack surface. This can cause the adversary to expose additional capabilities. |
| T1041 - Exfiltration Over C2 Channel | There is an opportunity to disrupt or enable and adversary's exfiltration activities by blocking/unblocking the traffic to their Command and Control (C2) location. | DTE0026 - Network Manipulation | A defender can prevent or enable use of alternate protocols for exfiltration by blocking/unblocking unnecessary ports and protocols. |
| T1041 - Exfiltration Over C2 Channel | There is an opportunity to disrupt or enable and adversary's exfiltration activities by blocking/unblocking the traffic to their Command and Control (C2) location. | DTE0026 - Network Manipulation | A defender can restrict network traffic making adversary exfiltration slow or unreliable. |
| T1056 - Input Capture | There is an opportunity to feed content to an adversary to influence their behaviors, test their interest in specific topics, or add legitimacy to a system or environment. | DTE0011 - Decoy Content | A defender can feed decoy data to an adversary that is using a key-logger or other tool, so as to shape the encounter. |
| T1059 - Command and Scripting Interpreter | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0036 - Software Manipulation | A defender can manipulate the output of system commands issued to alter information the adversary might use during their activity. |
| T1059 - Command and Scripting Interpreter | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0036 - Software Manipulation | A defender can modify the functionality of commands used to delete files so that the files are copied to a safe location before they are deleted. |
| T1059 - Command and Scripting Interpreter | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0034 - System Activity Monitoring | A defender can detect the presence of an adversary by monitoring for processes that are created by commands and/or scripts they execute on a system. |
| T1070 - Indicator Removal on Host | In an adversary engagement scenario, there is an opportunity to allow or restrict admin access to support your defensive objectives. | DTE0001 - Admin Access | A defender can restrict admin access to force an adversary to escalate privileges in order to delete logs and captured artifacts from a system. |
| T1070 - Indicator Removal on Host | There is an opportunity to detect the presence of an adversary by identifying and alerting on anomalous behaviors. | DTE0007 - Behavioral Analytics | A defender can look for anomalies in how commands are being executed on a system. This can expose potentially malicious activity. |
| T1071 - Application Layer Protocol | There is an opportunity to monitor network traffic for different protocols, anomalous traffic patterns, transfer of data, etc. to determine the presence of an adversary. | DTE0027 - Network Monitoring | The defender can implement network monitoring for and alert on anomalous traffic patterns, large or unexpected data transfers, and other activity that may reveal the presence of an adversary. |
| T1078 - Valid Accounts | There is an opportunity to introduce user accounts that are used to make a system look more realistic. | DTE0010 - Decoy Account | A defender can create decoy user accounts which are used to make a decoy system or network look more realistic. |
| T1078 - Valid Accounts | There is an opportunity to deploy a tripwire that triggers an alert when an adversary touches a network resource or uses a specific technique. | DTE0012 - Decoy Credentials | A defender can seed systems with decoy credentials in a variety of locations and establish alerting that will trigger if an adversary harvests the credentials and attempts to use them. |
| T1078 - Valid Accounts | There is an opportunity to prepare user accounts so they look used and authentic. | DTE0008 - Burn-In | A defender can prepare a Decoy System by logging in to the Decoy Account and using it in ways consistent with the deception story, creating artifacts in the system that make it look legitimate. |
| T1082 - System Information Discovery | There is an opportunity to feed content to an adversary to influence their behaviors, test their interest in specific topics, or add legitimacy to a system or environment. | DTE0011 - Decoy Content | A defender can use decoy content to give the false impression about the system when an adversary performs system information discovery. |
| T1087 - Account Discovery | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0036 - Software Manipulation | A defender could alter the output from account enumeration commands to hide accounts or show the presence of accounts which do not exist. |
| T1087 - Account Discovery | In an adversary engagement operation, there is an opportunity to present decoy accounts to the adversary during the enumeration process. | DTE0010 - Decoy Account | During an adversary engagement operation, a defender can utilize decoy accounts to provide content to an adversary and encourage additional activity. |
| T1087 - Account Discovery | There is an opportunity to use decoy accounts of varying types to see what an adversary is most interested in. | DTE0013 - Decoy Diversity | A defender can make a variety of decoy accounts and see if the adversary seems to be drawn to accounts of a specific type, with specific permissions, group access, etc. |
| T1090 - Proxy | There is an opportunity to block an adversary that is seeking to use a proxied connection. | DTE0026 - Network Manipulation | A defender could block traffic to known anonymity networks and C2 infrastructure through the use of network allow and block lists. |
| T1102 - Web Service | There is an opportunity to detect the presence of an adversary by identifying and alerting on anomalous behaviors. | DTE0007 - Behavioral Analytics | A defender can detect the use of external web services for communication relay. By implementing behavior analytics anomalies in what domains a system is communicating with, how frequently, and at what times, a defender can potentially identify malicious traffic. |
| T1105 - Ingress Tool Transfer | There is an opportunity to collect network data and analyze the adversary activity it contains. | DTE0028 - PCAP Collection | Collecting full packet capture of all network traffic allows you to review what happened over the connection and identify command and control traffic and/or exfiltration activity. |
| T1132 - Data Encoding | There is an opportunity to reveal data that the adversary has tried to protect from defenders | DTE0031 - Protocol Decoder | Defenders can develop protocol decoders that can decrypt network capture data and expose an adversary's command and control traffic as well as their exfiltration activity. |
| T1133 - External Remote Services | There is an opportunity to determine if an adversary already has valid account credentials for your network and if they are trying to use them access your network via remote services. | DTE0017 - Decoy System | A defender can setup a decoy VPN server and see if an adversary attempts to use valid account to authenticate to it. |
| T1140 - Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0003 - API Monitoring | A defender can monitor and analyze operating system functions calls for detection and alerting. |
| T1195 - Supply Chain Compromise | Hardware and/or software additions can be tested and verified in controlled environments prior to deployment. | DTE0014 - Decoy Network | A defender can install any suspect hardware or software on an isolated system or network and monitor for non-standard behaviors. |
| T1203 - Exploitation for Client Execution | There is an opportunity to study the adversary and collect first-hand observations about them and their tools. | DTE0017 - Decoy System | A defender can use a decoy system to see if an adversary exploits vulnerable software in order to compromise the system. |
| T1203 - Exploitation for Client Execution | There is an opportunity to discover who or what is being targeting by an adversary. | DTE0004 - Application Diversity | A defender can install one or more applications on a decoy system with a variety of patch levels to see how an adversary might exploit those applications. |
| T1204 - User Execution | There is an opportunity to study the adversary and collect first-hand observations about them and their tools. | DTE0018 - Detonate Malware | A defender can execute adversary malware on a decoy system and examine its behaviors or potentially engage with the adversary to obtain further intelligence. |
| T1218 - Signed Binary Proxy Execution | There is an opportunity to block an adversary's intended action and force them to reveal additional TTPs. | DTE0036 - Software Manipulation | A defender can monitor operating system functions calls to look for adversary use and/or abuse. |
| T1218 - Signed Binary Proxy Execution | There is an opportunity to study the adversary and collect first-hand observations about them and their tools. | DTE0018 - Detonate Malware | A defender can detonate malicious code leveraging a signed binary on a decoy system or within a decoy network to see how it behaves or for adversary engagement purposes. |
| T1218 - Signed Binary Proxy Execution | There is an opportunity to create a detection with a moderately high probability of success. | DTE0003 - API Monitoring | A defender can monitor and analyze operating system functions calls for detection and alerting. |
| T1219 - Remote Access Software | There is an opportunity to study the adversary and collect first-hand observations about them and their tools. | DTE0017 - Decoy System | A defender can install remote access tools on decoy systems across the network to see if the adversary uses these tools for command and control. |
| T1485 - Data Destruction | There is an opportunity to test what an adversary might do if destroyed data is selectively replaced by the defender. | DTE0005 - Backup and Recovery | A defender can ensure data is backed up on a regular basis and backups are stored offline from the system. If an adversary is detected destroying or altering data, the defender could selectively restore data from backup to see how the adversary reacts. |
| T1485 - Data Destruction | There is an opportunity to block an adversary's intended action and force them to reveal additional TTPs. | DTE0036 - Software Manipulation | A defender can manipulate commands on systems so an adversary is unable delete data in ways they normally would. |
| T1485 - Data Destruction | There is an opportunity to create a detection with a moderately high probability of success. | DTE0034 - System Activity Monitoring | A defender can use process monitoring to look for the execution of utilities commonly used for data destruction, such as SDelete. |
| T1555 - Credentials from Password Stores | In order to prolong an adversary engagement operation or enable detections, there is an opportunity to introduce credentials to an adversary that you want them to collect and use. | DTE0012 - Decoy Credentials | A defender can plant decoy credentials across an array of locations to increase the chances of an adversary finding and using them. |
| T1561 - Disk Wipe | There is an opportunity for the defender to observe the adversary and control what they can see, what effects they can have, and/or what data they can access. | DTE0036 - Software Manipulation | A defender can modify the functionality of commands that are used to delete files or format drives so they fail when used in a specific manner. |
| T1566 - Phishing | A phishing email can be detected and blocked from arriving at the intended recipient. | DTE0019 - Email Manipulation | A defender can intercept emails that are detected as suspicious or malicious by email detection tools and prevent deliver to the intended target. |
| T1566 - Phishing | A phishing email can be detected and moved from the intended recipient to a decoy account for reading and execution. | DTE0023 - Migrate Attack Vector | A defender can move suspicious emails to a decoy system prior to opening and examining the email. |
| T1566 - Phishing | Users trained and encouraged to report phishing can detect attacks that other defenses do not. | DTE0035 - User Training | A program to train and exercise the anti-phishing skills of users can create "Human Sensors" that help detect phishing attacks. |
| T1566 - Phishing | There is an opportunity to discover who or what is being targeting by an adversary. | DTE0015 - Decoy Persona | A defender can seed information about the decoy persona's personal accounts on systems to see if the adversary collects and uses that information in future activity. |
| T1571 - Non-Standard Port | There is an opportunity to monitor network traffic for different protocols, anomalous traffic patterns, transfer of data, etc. to determine the presence of an adversary. | DTE0027 - Network Monitoring | The defender can implement network monitoring for and alert on anomalous traffic patterns, large or unexpected data transfers, and other activity that may reveal the presence of an adversary. |